Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-27945 (GCVE-0-2026-27945)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-26 00:29 – Updated: 2026-02-26 16:51

Title

ZITADEL has potential SSRF via Actions

Summary

ZITADEL is an open source identity management platform. Zitadel Action V2 (introduced as early preview in 2.59.0, beta in 3.0.0 and GA in 4.0.0) is a webhook based approach to allow developers act on API request to Zitadel and customize flows such the issue of a token. Zitadel's Action target URLs can point to local hosts, potentially allowing adversaries to gather internal network information and connect to internal services. When the URL points to a local host / IP address, an adversary might gather information about the internal network structure, the services exposed on internal hosts etc. This is sometimes called a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF). Zitadel Actions expect responses according to specific schemas, which reduces the threat vector. The patch in version 4.11.1 resolves the issue by checking the target URL against a denylist. By default localhost, resp. loopback IPs are denied. Note that this fix was only released on v4.x. Due to the stage (preview / beta) in which the functionality was in v2.x and v3.x, the changes that have been applied to it since then and the severity, respectively the actual thread vector, a backport to the corresponding versions was not feasible. Please check the workaround section for alternative solutions if an upgrade to v4.x is not possible. If an upgrade is not possible, prevent actions from using unintended endpoints by setting network policies or firewall rules in one's own infrastructure. Note that this is outside of the functionality provided by Zitadel.

Severity

2.1 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-02-26 16:50 UTC

CWE

CWE-918 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v3.4.7	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.11.0	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
zitadel	zitadel	Affected: >= 2.59.0, < 4.11.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
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    "adp": [
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        "metrics": [
          {
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                "id": "CVE-2026-27945",
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                "version": "2.0.3"
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        }
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      "title": "ZITADEL has potential SSRF via Actions"
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    "vulnrichment": {
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              "value": "ZITADEL is an open source identity management platform. Zitadel Action V2 (introduced as early preview in 2.59.0, beta in 3.0.0 and GA in 4.0.0) is a webhook based approach to allow developers act on API request to Zitadel and customize flows such the issue of a token. Zitadel\u0027s Action target URLs can point to local hosts, potentially allowing adversaries to gather internal network information and connect to internal services. When the URL points to a local host / IP address, an adversary might gather information about the internal network structure, the services exposed on internal hosts etc. This is sometimes called a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF). Zitadel Actions expect responses according to specific schemas, which reduces the threat vector. The patch in version 4.11.1 resolves the issue by checking the target URL against a denylist. By default localhost, resp. loopback IPs are denied. Note that this fix was only released on v4.x. Due to the stage (preview / beta) in which the functionality was in v2.x and v3.x, the changes that have been applied to it since then and the severity, respectively the actual thread vector, a backport to the corresponding versions was not feasible. Please check the workaround section for alternative solutions if an upgrade to v4.x is not possible. If an upgrade is not possible, prevent actions from using unintended endpoints by setting network policies or firewall rules in one\u0027s own infrastructure. Note that this is outside of the functionality provided by Zitadel."
            }
          ],
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          "title": "ZITADEL has potential SSRF via Actions"
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FKIE_CVE-2026-27945

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-02-26 01:16 - Updated: 2026-06-17 10:27

Severity

6.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Summary

References

URL	Tags
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v3.4.7	Release Notes
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.11.0	Release Notes
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-7777-fhq9-592v	Vendor Advisory

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	zitadel	zitadel	*
	zitadel	zitadel	*

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "zitadel",
          "vendor": "zitadel",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.59.0, \u003c 4.11.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:zitadel:zitadel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "73FC526B-2AFD-4993-8601-63B7BE3AE63D",
              "versionEndIncluding": "3.4.6",
              "versionStartIncluding": "2.59.0",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:zitadel:zitadel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "13ECEC48-A3CD-4641-80F0-FA92B8317252",
              "versionEndExcluding": "4.11.1",
              "versionStartIncluding": "4.0.0",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "ZITADEL is an open source identity management platform. Zitadel Action V2 (introduced as early preview in 2.59.0, beta in 3.0.0 and GA in 4.0.0) is a webhook based approach to allow developers act on API request to Zitadel and customize flows such the issue of a token. Zitadel\u0027s Action target URLs can point to local hosts, potentially allowing adversaries to gather internal network information and connect to internal services. When the URL points to a local host / IP address, an adversary might gather information about the internal network structure, the services exposed on internal hosts etc. This is sometimes called a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF). Zitadel Actions expect responses according to specific schemas, which reduces the threat vector. The patch in version 4.11.1 resolves the issue by checking the target URL against a denylist. By default localhost, resp. loopback IPs are denied. Note that this fix was only released on v4.x. Due to the stage (preview / beta) in which the functionality was in v2.x and v3.x, the changes that have been applied to it since then and the severity, respectively the actual thread vector, a backport to the corresponding versions was not feasible. Please check the workaround section for alternative solutions if an upgrade to v4.x is not possible. If an upgrade is not possible, prevent actions from using unintended endpoints by setting network policies or firewall rules in one\u0027s own infrastructure. Note that this is outside of the functionality provided by Zitadel."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "ZITADEL es una plataforma de gesti\u00f3n de identidad de c\u00f3digo abierto. Zitadel Action V2 (introducida como vista previa temprana en 2.59.0, beta en 3.0.0 y GA en 4.0.0) es un enfoque basado en webhooks para permitir a los desarrolladores actuar sobre peticiones API a Zitadel y personalizar flujos como la emisi\u00f3n de un token. Las URL de destino de las acciones de Zitadel pueden apuntar a hosts locales, lo que potencialmente permite a los adversarios recopilar informaci\u00f3n de la red interna y conectarse a servicios internos. Cuando la URL apunta a un host local / direcci\u00f3n IP, un adversario podr\u00eda recopilar informaci\u00f3n sobre la estructura de la red interna, los servicios expuestos en hosts internos, etc. Esto a veces se denomina falsificaci\u00f3n de petici\u00f3n del lado del servidor (SSRF). Las acciones de Zitadel esperan respuestas seg\u00fan esquemas espec\u00edficos, lo que reduce el vector de amenaza. El parche en la versi\u00f3n 4.11.1 resuelve el problema comprobando la URL de destino contra una lista de denegaci\u00f3n. Por defecto, localhost, resp. las IP de bucle invertido son denegadas. Tenga en cuenta que esta correcci\u00f3n solo se lanz\u00f3 en v4.x. Debido a la etapa (vista previa / beta) en la que se encontraba la funcionalidad en v2.x y v3.x, los cambios que se le han aplicado desde entonces y la gravedad, respectivamente el vector de amenaza real, una retrocompatibilidad a las versiones correspondientes no fue factible. Consulte la secci\u00f3n de soluci\u00f3n alternativa para soluciones alternativas si una actualizaci\u00f3n a v4.x no es posible. Si una actualizaci\u00f3n no es posible, evite que las acciones utilicen puntos finales no deseados configurando pol\u00edticas de red o reglas de cortafuegos en la propia infraestructura. Tenga en cuenta que esto est\u00e1 fuera de la funcionalidad proporcionada por Zitadel."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-27945",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:27:57.220",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 6.5,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
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        "impactScore": 2.5,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV40": [
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          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
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          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-27945",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-02-26T16:50:58.527791Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-02-26T01:16:25.800",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v3.4.7"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.11.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-7777-fhq9-592v"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-918"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7777-FHQ9-592V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-27 21:33 – Updated: 2026-02-27 21:33

Summary

ZITADEL has potential SSRF via Actions

Details

Summary

ZITADEL Action V2 (introduced as early preview in 2.59.0, beta in 3.0.0 and GA in 4.0.0) is a webhook based approach to allow developers act on API request to Zitadel and customize flows such the issue of a token.

ZITADEL's Action target URLs can point to local hosts, potentially allowing adversaries to gather internal network information and connect to internal services.

Impact

When the URL points to a local host / IP address, an adversary might gather information about the internal network structure, the services exposed on internal hosts etc. This is sometimes called a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).

ZITADEL Actions expect responses according to specific schemas, which reduces the threat vector.

Affected Versions

Systems running one of the following versions are affected: - 4.x: 4.0.0 through 4.11.0 (including RC version) - 3.x: 3.0.0 to 3.4.6 (including RC versions) - 2.x: 2.59.0 to 2.71.19

Patches

The vulnerability has been addressed in the latest releases. The patch resolves the issue by checking the target URL against a denylist. By default localhost, resp. loopback IPs are denied.

Note that this fix was only released on v4.x. Due to the stage (preview / beta) in which the functionality was in v2.x and v3.x, the changes that have been applied to it since then and the severity, respectively the actual thread vector, a backport to the corresponding versions was not feasible. Please check the workaround section for alternative solutions if an upgrade to v4.x is not possible.

4.x: Upgrade to >=4.11.1 3.x: Update to >=v4.11.1 or check out workarounds 2.x: Update to >=v4.11.1 or check out workarounds

Workarounds

The recommended solution is to update Zitadel to a patched version.

If an upgrade is not possible, users can prevent actions from using unintended endpoints by setting network policies or firewall rules in your infrastructure. Note that this is outside of the functionality provided by ZITADEL.

Questions

If there are any questions or comments about this advisory, please send an email to security@zitadel.com

Credits

This vulnerability was found by zentrust partners GmbH during a scheduled penetration test. Thank you to the analysts Martin Tschirsich, Joud Zakharia, Christopher Baumann. The full report will be made public after the complete review.

Severity

2.1 (Low)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/zitadel/zitadel/v2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.59.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.11.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/zitadel/zitadel/v2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.80.0-v2.20.0.20260225053328-b2532e966621"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-27945"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-27T21:33:54Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-26T01:16:25Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nZITADEL Action V2 (introduced as early preview in 2.59.0, beta in 3.0.0 and GA in 4.0.0) is a webhook based approach to allow developers act on API request to Zitadel and customize flows such the issue of a token.\n\nZITADEL\u0027s Action target URLs can point to local hosts, potentially allowing adversaries to gather internal network information and connect to internal services.\n\n### Impact\n\nWhen the URL points to a local host / IP address, an adversary might gather information about the internal network structure, the services exposed on internal hosts etc. This is sometimes called a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).\n\nZITADEL Actions expect responses according to specific schemas, which reduces the threat vector.\n\n### Affected Versions\n\nSystems running one of the following versions are affected:\n- **4.x**: `4.0.0` through `4.11.0` (including RC version)\n- **3.x**: `3.0.0` to `3.4.6` (including RC versions)\n- **2.x**: `2.59.0` to `2.71.19`\n\n### Patches\n\nThe vulnerability has been addressed in the latest releases. The patch resolves the issue by checking the target URL against a denylist. By default localhost, resp. loopback IPs are denied.\n\nNote that this fix was only released on v4.x. Due to the stage (preview / beta) in which the functionality was in v2.x and v3.x, the changes that have been applied to it since then and the severity, respectively the actual thread vector, a backport to the corresponding versions was not feasible. Please check the workaround section for alternative solutions if an upgrade to v4.x is not possible.\n\n4.x: Upgrade to \u003e=[4.11.1](https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.11.1)\n3.x: Update to \u003e=[v4.11.1](https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.11.1) or check out workarounds\n2.x: Update to \u003e=[v4.11.1](https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.11.1) or check out workarounds\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThe recommended solution is to update Zitadel to a patched version.\n\nIf an upgrade is not possible, users can prevent actions from using unintended endpoints by setting network policies or firewall rules in your infrastructure. Note that this is outside of the functionality provided by ZITADEL.\n\n### Questions\n\nIf there are any questions or comments about this advisory, please send an email to [security@zitadel.com](mailto:security@zitadel.com)\n\n### Credits\n\nThis vulnerability was found by [zentrust partners GmbH](https://zentrust.partners) during a scheduled penetration test. Thank you to the analysts Martin Tschirsich, Joud Zakharia, Christopher Baumann.\nThe full report will be made public after the complete review.",
  "id": "GHSA-7777-fhq9-592v",
  "modified": "2026-02-27T21:33:54Z",
  "published": "2026-02-27T21:33:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-7777-fhq9-592v"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27945"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/b2532e9666215bef04855d138ca716045bb74a06"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.11.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "ZITADEL has potential SSRF via Actions"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-27945 (GCVE-0-2026-27945)

FKIE_CVE-2026-27945

GHSA-7777-FHQ9-592V

Summary

Impact

Affected Versions

Patches

Workarounds

Questions

Credits

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