CVE-2025-31650 (GCVE-0-2025-31650)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-28 19:14 – Updated: 2025-11-03 19:53
VLAI
Title
Apache Tomcat: DoS via malformed HTTP/2 PRIORITY_UPDATE frame
Summary
Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. Incorrect error handling for some invalid HTTP priority headers resulted in incomplete clean-up of the failed request which created a memory leak. A large number of such requests could trigger an OutOfMemoryException resulting in a denial of service. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 9.0.76 through 9.0.102, from 10.1.10 through 10.1.39, from 11.0.0-M2 through 11.0.5. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.90 though 8.5.100. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 9.0.104, 10.1.40 or 11.0.6 which fix the issue.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-05-06 20:07 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Tomcat Affected: 9.0.76 , ≤ 9.0.102 (semver)
Affected: 10.1.10 , ≤ 10.1.39 (semver)
Affected: 11.0.0-M2 , ≤ 11.0.5 (semver)
Affected: 8.5.90 , ≤ 8.5.100 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:53:11.497Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/28/2"
          },
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/07/msg00009.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 7.5,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
              "integrityImpact": "NONE",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-31650",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-05-06T20:07:38.530859Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-05-06T20:07:50.531Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Apache Tomcat",
          "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "9.0.102",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.0.76",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "10.1.39",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.1.10",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "11.0.5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "11.0.0-M2",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "8.5.100",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.5.90",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eImproper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. Incorrect error handling for some invalid HTTP priority headers resulted in incomplete clean-up of the failed request which created a memory leak. A large number of such requests could trigger an OutOfMemoryException resulting in a denial of service.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 9.0.76 through 9.0.102, from 10.1.10 through 10.1.39, from 11.0.0-M2 through 11.0.5.\u003cbr\u003eThe following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are \nknown to be affected: 8.5.90 though 8.5.100.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 9.0.104, 10.1.40 or 11.0.6 which fix the issue.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. Incorrect error handling for some invalid HTTP priority headers resulted in incomplete clean-up of the failed request which created a memory leak. A large number of such requests could trigger an OutOfMemoryException resulting in a denial of service.\n\nThis issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 9.0.76 through 9.0.102, from 10.1.10 through 10.1.39, from 11.0.0-M2 through 11.0.5.\nThe following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are \nknown to be affected: 8.5.90 though 8.5.100.\n\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 9.0.104, 10.1.40 or 11.0.6 which fix the issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "other": {
            "content": {
              "text": "important"
            },
            "type": "Textual description of severity"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-459",
              "description": "CWE-459 Incomplete Cleanup",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-08-08T11:43:00.251Z",
        "orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
        "shortName": "apache"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/j6zzk0y3yym9pzfzkq5vcyxzz0yzh826"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Apache Tomcat: DoS via malformed HTTP/2 PRIORITY_UPDATE frame",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
    "assignerShortName": "apache",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-31650",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-28T19:14:31.107Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-03-31T12:13:57.705Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:53:11.497Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-31650",
      "date": "2026-10-03",
      "epss": "0.61039",
      "percentile": "0.99133"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:53:11.497Z",
              "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
              "shortName": "CVE"
            },
            "references": [
              {
                "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/28/2"
              },
              {
                "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/07/msg00009.html"
              }
            ],
            "title": "CVE Program Container"
          },
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "cvssV3_1": {
                  "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                  "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                  "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                  "baseScore": 7.5,
                  "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                  "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                  "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                  "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                  "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                  "userInteraction": "NONE",
                  "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
                  "version": "3.1"
                }
              },
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2025-31650",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "yes"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2025-05-06T20:07:38.530859Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-05-06T20:07:13.015Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "Apache Tomcat",
              "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "9.0.102",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "9.0.76",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "10.1.39",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "10.1.10",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "11.0.5",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "11.0.0-M2",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "8.5.100",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "8.5.90",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "supportingMedia": [
                {
                  "base64": false,
                  "type": "text/html",
                  "value": "\u003cp\u003eImproper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. Incorrect error handling for some invalid HTTP priority headers resulted in incomplete clean-up of the failed request which created a memory leak. A large number of such requests could trigger an OutOfMemoryException resulting in a denial of service.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 9.0.76 through 9.0.102, from 10.1.10 through 10.1.39, from 11.0.0-M2 through 11.0.5.\u003cbr\u003eThe following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are \nknown to be affected: 8.5.90 though 8.5.100.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 9.0.104, 10.1.40 or 11.0.6 which fix the issue.\u003c/p\u003e"
                }
              ],
              "value": "Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. Incorrect error handling for some invalid HTTP priority headers resulted in incomplete clean-up of the failed request which created a memory leak. A large number of such requests could trigger an OutOfMemoryException resulting in a denial of service.\n\nThis issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 9.0.76 through 9.0.102, from 10.1.10 through 10.1.39, from 11.0.0-M2 through 11.0.5.\nThe following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are \nknown to be affected: 8.5.90 though 8.5.100.\n\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 9.0.104, 10.1.40 or 11.0.6 which fix the issue."
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "other": {
                "content": {
                  "text": "important"
                },
                "type": "Textual description of severity"
              }
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-459",
                  "description": "CWE-459 Incomplete Cleanup",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2025-08-08T11:43:00.251Z",
            "orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
            "shortName": "apache"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "tags": [
                "vendor-advisory"
              ],
              "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/j6zzk0y3yym9pzfzkq5vcyxzz0yzh826"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
          },
          "title": "Apache Tomcat: DoS via malformed HTTP/2 PRIORITY_UPDATE frame",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
        "assignerShortName": "apache",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-31650",
        "datePublished": "2025-04-28T19:14:31.107Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-03-31T12:13:57.705Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:53:11.497Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.