Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-48056 (GCVE-0-2025-48056)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-20 19:55 – Updated: 2025-05-20 20:15

Title

Hubble CLI vulnerable to character injection

Summary

Hubble is a fully distributed networking and security observability platform for cloud native workloads. Prior to version 1.17.2, a network attacker could inject malicious control characters into Hubble CLI terminal output, potentially leading to loss of integrity and manipulation of the output. This could be leveraged to conceal log entries, rewrite output, or even make the terminal temporarily unusable. Exploitation of this attack would require the victim to be monitoring Kafka traffic using Layer 7 Protocol Visibility at the time of the attack. The issue is patched in Hubble CLI v1.17.2. Hubble CLI users who are unable to upgrade can direct their Hubble flows to a log file and inspect the output within a text editor.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-05-20 20:09 UTC

CWE

CWE-74 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/cilium/hubble/security/advisor…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/cilium/cilium/pull/37401	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
cilium	hubble	Affected: < 1.17.2

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-48056",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-05-20T20:09:58.060408Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-05-20T20:15:17.170Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "hubble",
          "vendor": "cilium",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 1.17.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Hubble is a fully distributed networking and security observability platform for cloud native workloads. Prior to version 1.17.2, a network attacker could inject malicious control characters into Hubble CLI terminal output, potentially leading to loss of integrity and manipulation of the output. This could be leveraged to conceal log entries, rewrite output, or even make the terminal temporarily unusable. Exploitation of this attack would require the victim to be monitoring Kafka traffic using Layer 7 Protocol Visibility at the time of the attack. The issue is patched in Hubble CLI v1.17.2. Hubble CLI users who are unable to upgrade can direct their Hubble flows to a log file and inspect the output within a text editor."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-74",
              "description": "CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component (\u0027Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-05-20T19:55:58.193Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/cilium/hubble/security/advisories/GHSA-274q-79q9-52j7",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/cilium/hubble/security/advisories/GHSA-274q-79q9-52j7"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/cilium/cilium/pull/37401",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/cilium/cilium/pull/37401"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-274q-79q9-52j7",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Hubble CLI vulnerable to character injection"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-48056",
    "datePublished": "2025-05-20T19:55:58.193Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-05-15T16:06:40.940Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-05-20T20:15:17.170Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-48056",
      "date": "2026-10-03",
      "epss": "0.0028",
      "percentile": "0.18579"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2025-48056",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "yes"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2025-05-20T20:09:58.060408Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-05-20T20:10:06.890Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "product": "hubble",
              "vendor": "cilium",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "\u003c 1.17.2"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Hubble is a fully distributed networking and security observability platform for cloud native workloads. Prior to version 1.17.2, a network attacker could inject malicious control characters into Hubble CLI terminal output, potentially leading to loss of integrity and manipulation of the output. This could be leveraged to conceal log entries, rewrite output, or even make the terminal temporarily unusable. Exploitation of this attack would require the victim to be monitoring Kafka traffic using Layer 7 Protocol Visibility at the time of the attack. The issue is patched in Hubble CLI v1.17.2. Hubble CLI users who are unable to upgrade can direct their Hubble flows to a log file and inspect the output within a text editor."
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 5.3,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "LOW",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              }
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-74",
                  "description": "CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component (\u0027Injection\u0027)",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2025-05-20T19:55:58.193Z",
            "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
            "shortName": "GitHub_M"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/cilium/hubble/security/advisories/GHSA-274q-79q9-52j7",
              "tags": [
                "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/cilium/hubble/security/advisories/GHSA-274q-79q9-52j7"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/cilium/cilium/pull/37401",
              "tags": [
                "x_refsource_MISC"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/cilium/cilium/pull/37401"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "advisory": "GHSA-274q-79q9-52j7",
            "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
          },
          "title": "Hubble CLI vulnerable to character injection"
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-48056",
        "datePublished": "2025-05-20T19:55:58.193Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-05-15T16:06:40.940Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2025-05-20T20:15:17.170Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}

FKIE_CVE-2025-48056

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-05-20 20:15 - Updated: 2026-06-17 09:29

Severity

5.3 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/cilium/cilium/pull/37401
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/cilium/hubble/security/advisories/GHSA-274q-79q9-52j7

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "hubble",
          "vendor": "cilium",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 1.17.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Hubble is a fully distributed networking and security observability platform for cloud native workloads. Prior to version 1.17.2, a network attacker could inject malicious control characters into Hubble CLI terminal output, potentially leading to loss of integrity and manipulation of the output. This could be leveraged to conceal log entries, rewrite output, or even make the terminal temporarily unusable. Exploitation of this attack would require the victim to be monitoring Kafka traffic using Layer 7 Protocol Visibility at the time of the attack. The issue is patched in Hubble CLI v1.17.2. Hubble CLI users who are unable to upgrade can direct their Hubble flows to a log file and inspect the output within a text editor."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Hubble es una plataforma de observabilidad de seguridad y redes totalmente distribuida para cargas de trabajo nativas de la nube. Antes de la versi\u00f3n 1.17.2, un atacante de red pod\u00eda inyectar caracteres de control maliciosos en la salida del terminal Hubble CLI, lo que podr\u00eda provocar la p\u00e9rdida de integridad y la manipulaci\u00f3n de la salida. Esto podr\u00eda aprovecharse para ocultar entradas de registro, reescribir la salida o incluso inutilizar temporalmente el terminal. Para explotar este ataque, la v\u00edctima deber\u00eda estar monitorizando el tr\u00e1fico de Kafka mediante la visibilidad del protocolo de capa 7 en el momento del ataque. El problema est\u00e1 corregido en la versi\u00f3n 1.17.2 de Hubble CLI. Los usuarios de Hubble CLI que no puedan actualizar pueden dirigir sus flujos de Hubble a un archivo de registro e inspeccionar la salida en un editor de texto."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-48056",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:29:04.637",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 5.3,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 1.4,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-48056",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2025-05-20T20:09:58.060408Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-05-20T20:15:42.790",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/cilium/cilium/pull/37401"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/cilium/hubble/security/advisories/GHSA-274q-79q9-52j7"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-74"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-274Q-79Q9-52J7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-21 17:16 – Updated: 2025-05-21 17:16

Summary

Character injection in Hubble CLI

Details

Impact

A network attacker could inject malicious control characters into Hubble CLI terminal output, potentially leading to loss of integrity and manipulation of the output. This could be leveraged to conceal log entries, rewrite output, or even make the terminal temporarily unusable. Exploitation of this attack would require the victim to be monitoring Kafka traffic using Layer 7 Protocol Visibility at the time of the attack.

Patches

This issue affects all versions of Hubble CLI before v1.17.2. The issue is patched in Hubble CLI v1.17.2, via https://github.com/cilium/cilium/pull/37401.

Workarounds

Hubble CLI users who are unable to upgrade can direct their Hubble flows to a log file and inspect the output within a text editor.

Acknowledgements

The Cilium community has worked together with members of Isovalent and the Cisco ASIG team to prepare these mitigations. Special thanks to @bipierce-cisco and @kokelley-cisco for reporting the issue and to @devodev for the fix.

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please reach out on Slack.

If you think you have found a vulnerability affecting Cilium, we strongly encourage you to report it to our security mailing list at security@cilium.io. This is a private mailing list for the Cilium security team, and your report will be treated as top priority.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/cilium/hubble"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.17.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-48056"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-74"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-05-21T17:16:19Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-20T20:15:42Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nA network attacker could inject malicious control characters into Hubble CLI terminal output, potentially leading to loss of integrity and manipulation of the output. This could be leveraged to conceal log entries, rewrite output, or even make the terminal temporarily unusable. Exploitation of this attack would require the victim to be monitoring Kafka traffic using [Layer 7 Protocol Visibility](https://docs.cilium.io/en/stable/observability/visibility/#layer-7-protocol-visibility) at the time of the attack.\n\n### Patches\n\nThis issue affects all versions of Hubble CLI before v1.17.2. The issue is patched in Hubble CLI v1.17.2, via https://github.com/cilium/cilium/pull/37401.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nHubble CLI users who are unable to upgrade can direct their Hubble flows to a log file and inspect the output within a text editor.\n\n### Acknowledgements\n\nThe Cilium community has worked together with members of Isovalent and the Cisco ASIG team to prepare these mitigations. Special thanks to @bipierce-cisco and @kokelley-cisco for reporting the issue and to @devodev for the fix.\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please reach out on [Slack](https://docs.cilium.io/en/latest/community/community/#slack).\n\nIf you think you have found a vulnerability affecting Cilium, we strongly encourage you to report it to our security mailing list at [security@cilium.io](mailto:security@cilium.io). This is a private mailing list for the Cilium security team, and your report will be treated as top priority.",
  "id": "GHSA-274q-79q9-52j7",
  "modified": "2025-05-21T17:16:19Z",
  "published": "2025-05-21T17:16:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cilium/hubble/security/advisories/GHSA-274q-79q9-52j7"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48056"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cilium/cilium/pull/37401"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/cilium/hubble"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Character injection in Hubble CLI"
}

OPENSUSE-SU-2025:15159-1

Vulnerability from csaf_opensuse - Published: 2025-05-26 00:00 - Updated: 2026-09-20 21:34

Summary

govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20250523T151856-1.1 on GA media

Severity

Moderate

Scope

14 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2025-48056.

CVE-2025-48056

Recommended: 4 products

Open the full advisory

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2025-48056 (GCVE-0-2025-48056)

FKIE_CVE-2025-48056

GHSA-274Q-79Q9-52J7

Impact

Patches

Workarounds

Acknowledgements

For more information

OPENSUSE-SU-2025:15159-1

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour