CVE-2023-48795 (GCVE-0-2023-48795)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-18 00:00 – Updated: 2026-07-14 12:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
The SSH transport protocol with certain OpenSSH extensions, found in OpenSSH before 9.6 and other products, allows remote attackers to bypass integrity checks such that some packets are omitted (from the extension negotiation message), and a client and server may consequently end up with a connection for which some security features have been downgraded or disabled, aka a Terrapin attack. This occurs because the SSH Binary Packet Protocol (BPP), implemented by these extensions, mishandles the handshake phase and mishandles use of sequence numbers. For example, there is an effective attack against SSH's use of ChaCha20-Poly1305 (and CBC with Encrypt-then-MAC). The bypass occurs in chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com and (if CBC is used) the -etm@openssh.com MAC algorithms. This also affects Maverick Synergy Java SSH API before 3.1.0-SNAPSHOT, Dropbear through 2022.83, Ssh before 5.1.1 in Erlang/OTP, PuTTY before 0.80, AsyncSSH before 2.14.2, golang.org/x/crypto before 0.17.0, libssh before 0.10.6, libssh2 through 1.11.0, Thorn Tech SFTP Gateway before 3.4.6, Tera Term before 5.1, Paramiko before 3.4.0, jsch before 0.2.15, SFTPGo before 2.5.6, Netgate pfSense Plus through 23.09.1, Netgate pfSense CE through 2.7.2, HPN-SSH through 18.2.0, ProFTPD before 1.3.8b (and before 1.3.9rc2), ORYX CycloneSSH before 2.3.4, NetSarang XShell 7 before Build 0144, CrushFTP before 10.6.0, ConnectBot SSH library before 2.2.22, Apache MINA sshd through 2.11.0, sshj through 0.37.0, TinySSH through 20230101, trilead-ssh2 6401, LANCOM LCOS and LANconfig, FileZilla before 3.66.4, Nova before 11.8, PKIX-SSH before 14.4, SecureCRT before 9.4.3, Transmit5 before 5.10.4, Win32-OpenSSH before 9.5.0.0p1-Beta, WinSCP before 6.2.2, Bitvise SSH Server before 9.32, Bitvise SSH Client before 9.33, KiTTY through 0.76.1.13, the net-ssh gem 7.2.0 for Ruby, the mscdex ssh2 module before 1.15.0 for Node.js, the thrussh library before 0.35.1 for Rust, and the Russh crate before 0.40.2 for Rust.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2023-12-22 05:01 UTC
CWE
- n/a
- CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Assigner
References
139 references
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM APE1808 |
Affected:
0 , < *
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.5 , < *
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.5 , < *
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.5 , < *
(custom)
|
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"url": "https://github.com/mwiede/jsch/compare/jsch-0.2.14...jsch-0.2.15"
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{
"url": "https://oryx-embedded.com/download/#changelog"
},
{
"url": "https://www.crushftp.com/crush10wiki/Wiki.jsp?page=Update"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/connectbot/sshlib/compare/2.2.21...2.2.22"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/connectbot/sshlib/commit/5c8b534f6e97db7ac0e0e579331213aa25c173ab"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/mscdex/ssh2/commit/97b223f8891b96d6fc054df5ab1d5a1a545da2a3"
},
{
"url": "https://nest.pijul.com/pijul/thrussh/changes/D6H7OWTTMHHX6BTB3B6MNBOBX2L66CBL4LGSEUSAI2MCRCJDQFRQC"
},
{
"url": "https://crates.io/crates/thrussh/versions"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/275249"
},
{
"name": "[oss-security] 20231219 Re: CVE-2023-48795: Prefix Truncation Attacks in SSH Specification (Terrapin Attack)",
"tags": [
"mailing-list"
],
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/12/19/5"
},
{
"url": "https://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-23:19.openssh.asc"
},
{
"url": "https://arstechnica.com/security/2023/12/hackers-can-break-ssh-channel-integrity-using-novel-data-corruption-attack/"
},
{
"name": "[oss-security] 20231220 Re: CVE-2023-48795: Prefix Truncation Attacks in SSH Specification (Terrapin Attack)",
"tags": [
"mailing-list"
],
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/12/20/3"
},
{
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/176280/Terrapin-SSH-Connection-Weakening.html"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/blob/d21e7a2e47e9b38f709bec58e3fa711f759ad0e1/RELEASE_NOTES"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/blob/0a7ea9b0ba9fcdf368374a226370d08f10397d99/RELEASE_NOTES"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/apache/mina-sshd/issues/445"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/hierynomus/sshj/issues/916"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/janmojzis/tinyssh/issues/81"
},
{
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/12/20/3"
},
{
"url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/source-package/trilead-ssh2"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/net-ssh/net-ssh/blob/2e65064a52d73396bfc3806c9196fc8108f33cd8/CHANGES.txt#L14-L16"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2023-0733306be9",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MKQRBF3DWMWPH36LBCOBUTSIZRTPEZXB/"
},
{
"name": "DSA-5586",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5586"
},
{
"url": "https://www.lancom-systems.de/service-support/allgemeine-sicherheitshinweise#c243508"
},
{
"url": "https://www.theregister.com/2023/12/20/terrapin_attack_ssh"
},
{
"url": "https://filezilla-project.org/versions.php"
},
{
"url": "https://nova.app/releases/#v11.8"
},
{
"url": "https://roumenpetrov.info/secsh/#news20231220"
},
{
"url": "https://www.vandyke.com/products/securecrt/history.txt"
},
{
"url": "https://help.panic.com/releasenotes/transmit5/"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/PowerShell/Win32-OpenSSH/releases/tag/v9.5.0.0p1-Beta"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/PowerShell/Win32-OpenSSH/issues/2189"
},
{
"url": "https://winscp.net/eng/docs/history#6.2.2"
},
{
"url": "https://www.bitvise.com/ssh-client-version-history#933"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/cyd01/KiTTY/issues/520"
},
{
"name": "DSA-5588",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5588"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/ssh-mitm/ssh-mitm/issues/165"
},
{
"url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38732005"
},
{
"name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20231226 [SECURITY] [DLA 3694-1] openssh security update",
"tags": [
"mailing-list"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/12/msg00017.html"
},
{
"name": "GLSA-202312-16",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202312-16"
},
{
"name": "GLSA-202312-17",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202312-17"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2023-20feb865d8",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3YQLUQWLIHDB5QCXQEX7HXHAWMOKPP5O/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2023-cb8c606fbb",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/F7EYCFQCTSGJXWO3ZZ44MGKFC5HA7G3Y/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2023-e77300e4b5",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/APYIXIQOVDCRWLHTGB4VYMAUIAQLKYJ3/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2023-b87ec6cf47",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QI3EHAHABFQK7OABNCSF5GMYP6TONTI7/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2023-153404713b",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/KMZCVGUGJZZVDPCVDA7TEB22VUCNEXDD/"
},
{
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240105-0004/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2024-3bb23c77f3",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3CAYYW35MUTNO65RVAELICTNZZFMT2XS/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2023-55800423a8",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LZQVUHWVWRH73YBXUQJOD6CKHDQBU3DM/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2024-d946b9ad25",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/C3AFMZ6MH2UHHOPIWT5YLSFV3D2VB3AC/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2024-71c2c6526c",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BL5KTLOSLH2KHRN4HCXJPK3JUVLDGEL6/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2024-39a8c72ea9",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/33XHJUB6ROFUOH2OQNENFROTVH6MHSHA/"
},
{
"url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2024-0002"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2024-ae653fb07b",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CHHITS4PUOZAKFIUBQAQZC7JWXMOYE4B/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2024-2705241461",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/I724O3LSRCPO4WNVIXTZCT4VVRMXMMSG/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2024-fb32950d11",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/KEOTKBUPZXHE3F352JBYNTSNRXYLWD6P/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2024-7b08207cdb",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/HYEDEXIKFKTUJIN43RG4B7T5ZS6MHUSP/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2024-06ebb70bdd",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6Y74KVCPEPT4MVU3LHDWCNNOXOE5ZLUR/"
},
{
"name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20240125 [SECURITY] [DLA 3718-1] php-phpseclib security update",
"tags": [
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],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/01/msg00013.html"
},
{
"name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20240125 [SECURITY] [DLA 3719-1] phpseclib security update",
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],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/01/msg00014.html"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2024-a53b24023d",
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"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/L5Y6MNNVAPIJSXJERQ6PKZVCIUXSNJK7/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2024-3fd1bc9276",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3JIMLVBDWOP4FUPXPTB4PGHHIOMGFLQE/"
},
{
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214084"
},
{
"name": "20240313 APPLE-SA-03-07-2024-2 macOS Sonoma 14.4",
"tags": [
"mailing-list"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Mar/21"
},
{
"name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20240425 [SECURITY] [DLA 3794-1] putty security update",
"tags": [
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],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/04/msg00016.html"
},
{
"name": "[oss-security] 20240417 Terrapin vulnerability in Jenkins CLI client",
"tags": [
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],
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/04/17/8"
},
{
"name": "[oss-security] 20240306 Multiple vulnerabilities in Jenkins plugins",
"tags": [
"mailing-list"
],
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/03/06/3"
}
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
"assignerShortName": "mitre",
"cveId": "CVE-2023-48795",
"datePublished": "2023-12-18T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateReserved": "2023-11-20T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-14T12:16:07.168Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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