Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-94

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

9265 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-100877 (GCVE-0-2026-100877)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-27 20:15 – Updated: 2026-09-28 13:53
VLAI
Title
mathurvishal CloudClassroom-PHP-Project registrationform.php cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in mathurvishal CloudClassroom-PHP-Project up to 5dadec098bfbbf3300d60c3494db3fb95b66e7be. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file registrationform.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument FName/LName/Addrs can lead to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. This product implements a rolling release for ongoing delivery, which means version information for affected or updated releases is unavailable. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-28 13:51 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/410807 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/410807/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-100877 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/915444 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/rmsbpro/Advisory/blob/main/reg… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
mathurvishal CloudClassroom-PHP-Project Affected: 5dadec098bfbbf3300d60c3494db3fb95b66e7be
    cpe:2.3:a:mathurvishal:cloudclassroom-php-project:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-100865 (GCVE-0-2026-100865)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-27 01:28 – Updated: 2026-09-28 13:40
VLAI
Title
Heym before 0.0.53 Remote Code Execution via eval() Sandbox Escape
Summary
Heym before 0.0.53 evaluates workflow condition expressions using Python's eval() with insufficient sandboxing in the workflow executor service. Authenticated users can edit workflow condition nodes or import malicious templates to execute arbitrary Python and OS commands as the backend process user.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-28 13:40 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
heymrun heym Affected: 0 , < 0.0.53 (semver)
Unaffected: 0.0.53 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-26 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-100864 (GCVE-0-2026-100864)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-27 01:28 – Updated: 2026-09-28 16:04
VLAI
Title
heym before 0.0.91 Remote Code Execution via Expression Engine
Summary
heym before 0.0.91 contains a sandbox escape vulnerability in the expression engine's DotList map/filter and fallback resolver that allows authenticated users to execute arbitrary Python code. Attackers can craft workflow expressions using dunder attribute access through item expressions or the fallback resolver to access os.system and execute commands as the backend process.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-28 16:02 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
heymrun heym Affected: 0 , < 0.0.91 (semver)
Unaffected: 0.0.91 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-15 00:00
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-100857 (GCVE-0-2026-100857)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-27 01:28 – Updated: 2026-09-28 13:36
VLAI
Title
AzuraCast before 0.23.4 Remote Code Execution via Liquidsoap string interpolation
Summary
AzuraCast before 0.23.4 contains a code injection vulnerability in the ConfigWriter::cleanUpString() method that fails to sanitize Liquidsoap string interpolation sequences, allowing authenticated users with Media or Profile permissions to inject arbitrary Liquidsoap code into station configuration. Attackers can inject #{process.run()} expressions into playlist URLs or station metadata fields that execute shell commands as the azuracast user when the station restarts.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-28 13:32 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
AzuraCast AzuraCast Affected: 0 , < 0.23.4 (semver)
Unaffected: 0.23.4 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:azuracast:azuracast:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-03-08 00:00
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-100856 (GCVE-0-2026-100856)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-27 01:28 – Updated: 2026-09-28 16:06
VLAI
Title
AzuraCast before 0.23.6 Code Injection via Remote Relay Password
Summary
AzuraCast before 0.23.6 contains a code injection vulnerability in the remote relay password field due to incomplete migration from the vulnerable cleanUpString method to toRawString. Attackers with RemoteRelays station permission can inject nested Liquidsoap interpolation syntax to execute arbitrary code in the Liquidsoap process, disclose internal API keys, or disrupt station operation.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-28 16:06 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
AzuraCast AzuraCast Affected: 0 , < 0.23.6 (semver)
Unaffected: 0.23.6 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:azuracast:azuracast:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-04-23 00:00
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-100839 (GCVE-0-2026-100839)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-27 01:28 – Updated: 2026-09-30 15:16
VLAI
Title
Contrast before 1.18.0 AML Injection Remote Code Execution
Summary
Contrast is a confidential-computing runtime for Kubernetes. In versions before 1.18.0, the guest kernel's ACPI/AML handling is vulnerable to an AML injection attack ("BadAML"). ACPI tables containing AML bytecode are passed from the untrusted host (QEMU) to the guest firmware (OVMF) and on to the Linux kernel, whose AML interpreter executes them. An attacker controlling the host — an assumed adversary in Contrast's threat model — can craft a table with malicious, Turing-complete AML bytecode that the guest kernel interprets with access to the full guest memory, including private pages, resulting in arbitrary code execution and disclosure or modification of confidential guest data. The issue affects the AMD SEV-SNP platforms Metal-QEMU-SNP and Metal-QEMU-SNP-GPU; Metal-QEMU-TDX is not affected because ACPI table contents are measured into RTMR 0 by OVMF on Intel TDX. Version v1.18.0 mitigates the attack by sandboxing the kernel AML interpreter so that it cannot read or write private memory pages. This weakness is not specific to Contrast but is generic to Confidential Computing setups that expose the ACPI interface to the host.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 15:16 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
edgelesssys contrast Affected: 0 , < 1.18.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 1.18.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-03-24 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-100313 (GCVE-0-2026-100313)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-26 11:15 – Updated: 2026-09-28 19:17
VLAI
Title
mathurvishal CloudClassroom-PHP-Project updatequery.php cross site scripting
Summary
A weakness has been identified in mathurvishal CloudClassroom-PHP-Project up to 5dadec098bfbbf3300d60c3494db3fb95b66e7be. This affects an unknown function of the file updatequery.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument queryx can lead to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. This product takes the approach of rolling releases to provide continious delivery. Therefore, version details for affected and updated releases are not available. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-28 19:14 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/410441 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/410441/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-100313 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/914577 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/vinniboy021-blip/Advisory/blob… broken-linkexploitpatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
mathurvishal CloudClassroom-PHP-Project Affected: 5dadec098bfbbf3300d60c3494db3fb95b66e7be
    cpe:2.3:a:mathurvishal:cloudclassroom-php-project:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-100311 (GCVE-0-2026-100311)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-26 08:00 – Updated: 2026-09-28 17:02
VLAI
Title
mathurvishal CloudClassroom-PHP-Project Faculty Video Management managevideos2.php cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in mathurvishal CloudClassroom-PHP-Project up to 5dadec098bfbbf3300d60c3494db3fb95b66e7be. The affected element is an unknown function of the file managevideos2.php of the component Faculty Video Management. Such manipulation of the argument V_Title/V_Url/V_Remarks leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. This product utilizes a rolling release system for continuous delivery, and as such, version information for affected or updated releases is not disclosed. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-28 17:01 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/410439 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/410439/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-100311 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/914572 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/raffarj/CVE/tree/main exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
mathurvishal CloudClassroom-PHP-Project Affected: 5dadec098bfbbf3300d60c3494db3fb95b66e7be
    cpe:2.3:a:mathurvishal:cloudclassroom-php-project:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-100174 (GCVE-0-2026-100174)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 13:22 – Updated: 2026-09-25 15:14
VLAI
Title
Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in AIL Framework Tag Selector via Unescaped Tag Names
Summary
The AIL Framework tag selector component (var/www/static/js/tags.js) is vulnerable to stored cross-site scripting (XSS). A user with the ability to create a custom tag could embed an HTML payload containing JavaScript event handlers (e.g., <img src=x onerror=alert(1)> or <svg onload=...>) in the tag name. When another authenticated user opened a page containing the tag selector, the malicious tag name was inserted into the DOM using jQuery's html property, causing the embedded script to execute in the victim's browser context. The vulnerable code paths affected both the suggestion/combo-item rendering (_renderComboItems) and the selected-tag rendering logic. In both cases, the display value derived from the tag's displayField was passed directly to the html property of a jQuery element constructor, which parses and inserts the string as raw HTML rather than as text. Preconditions: the attacker must have an authenticated account with permission to create custom tags, and the victim must be an authenticated user who views a page that renders the tag selector with the attacker's stored tag. The attack is stored (persistent) and does not require the victim to perform any action beyond loading the page. Security impact: successful exploitation allows arbitrary JavaScript execution in the victim's browser within the application's origin, potentially leading to session hijacking, unauthorized data access, form manipulation, or further client-side attacks.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-25 15:14 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ail project ail framework Affected: 0 , < 7.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
GCVE extensions
AI involvement GCVE-BCP-05-X-01
Whole record AI-generated Not human-reviewed GNA-1

Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.

ai-computer-assisted:llm-generatedai-computer-assisted:classification
Model Source Identifier
qwen3.8:27b ollama qwen3.8:27b
Patch provenance GCVE-BCP-05-X-02
Generator
patch2vuln.py on 2026-09-25 13:16
Model
qwen3.8:27b
Input
https://github.com/ail-project/ail-framework/commit/b2d0ed05f6cf79b2312a3f1f923d0d1a5d7a9edb.patch 2d147dabcc9b…
Confidence
medium
Commit Subject Patch SHA-256
b2d0ed05f6cf chg: [security] prevent stored XSS in 2d147dabcc9b…
Fix summary

The fix ensures that tag names and display values are rendered as plain text rather than as HTML when no custom renderer is explicitly configured. In the suggestion rendering path, the default (non-renderer) case now uses jQuery's .text() method, which HTML-escapes the content. In the selection rendering path, the default case uses document.createTextNode() to insert the value as a text node. Custom renderers, which are developer-supplied and trusted to produce safe HTML, continue to use .html() or .prepend() with raw HTML. The eval() call was also replaced with JSON.parse() to eliminate a code-injection vector.

Patch summary

In var/www/static/js/tags.js: (1) Replaced eval(data) with JSON.parse(data) for parsing array-like data strings. (2) In _renderComboItems, introduced a hasRenderer flag; when no custom renderer is set, the displayed value is inserted via resultItemEl.text(displayed) instead of the html property in the jQuery constructor. (3) In the selection rendering block, introduced a hasSelectionRenderer flag; when no custom selection renderer is set, the value is prepended as a text node via document.createTextNode(selectedItemHtml) instead of being set through the html property. (4) The comma separator for text-mode selections is now appended as a text node rather than concatenated into an HTML string.

CVSS rationale

AV:N: The vulnerability is exploitable over the network via a web application. AC:L: No race conditions or special timing are required; the payload is stored and triggers on page load. AT:N: No manipulation of the attack target is needed; the stored payload executes automatically. PR:L: The attacker needs a low-privilege authenticated account with permission to create custom tags. UI:P: The victim passively interacts by loading a page that contains the tag selector; no active click or download is required. VC:L: The XSS can read data from the victim's session and page context. VI:L: The XSS can modify page content and submit forms. VA:N: No availability impact is evident. SC:L: The compromised session can access other resources within the same origin. SI:L: The attacker can modify data through the victim's authenticated session. SA:N: No availability impact on subsequent components.

Weakness rationale
  • CWE-79 The patch explicitly addresses stored XSS: user-controlled tag names were inserted into the DOM as HTML via jQuery's html property without escaping. The fix renders these values as text nodes, which is the canonical remediation for CWE-79. The commit subject line also explicitly states 'prevent stored XSS'.
  • CWE-94 The replacement of eval(data) with JSON.parse(data) addresses a secondary code-injection weakness where a crafted data string could execute arbitrary JavaScript. This is a contributing factor but the primary vulnerability is the stored XSS in tag rendering.
Attack pattern rationale
  • CAPEC-66 CAPEC-66 describes the general XSS attack pattern where attacker-controlled input is reflected or stored and later rendered as executable content in a victim's browser. This patch fixes a stored XSS variant where malicious tag names are persisted and rendered as HTML. The mapping is direct and well-supported by the commit message and code changes. No more specific CAPEC entry for stored XSS in a tag/selector widget exists in the CAPEC catalog, making CAPEC-66 the closest and most appropriate match.
Assumptions to verify
  • The affected version range is inferred from the tag_version_boundary metadata indicating the fix commit is 31 commits before the v7.1 tag; exact version boundaries are not explicitly stated in the patch.
  • The UI:P (Passive) rating assumes the victim only needs to load a page containing the tag selector; if the application requires the victim to explicitly open a specific dialog or widget, UI:A (Active) could be more appropriate.
  • The CAPEC-66 mapping is the closest available pattern; no CAPEC entry specifically covers stored XSS in a tag-selector UI component, so the general XSS pattern is used.
  • The PR:L rating assumes that creating a custom tag requires only a basic authenticated account; if tag creation requires elevated privileges, PR:H would be more appropriate.
  • The eval() to JSON.parse() change is treated as a secondary hardening fix within the same patch set; the primary vulnerability addressed is the stored XSS in tag rendering.
  • No specific reporter or finder is identified in the patch metadata or commit message; only the remediation developer (commit author) is credited.
Model comparison

Selected qwen3.8:27b by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.

Model Score Agreement Confidence Assumptions
qwen3.8:27b 4 9 medium 6
Show details on NVD website

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              "description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
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      ],
      "title": "Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in AIL Framework Tag Selector via Unescaped Tag Names",
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          "extensions": {
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                  "tag": "v7.1",
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CVE-2026-100157 (GCVE-0-2026-100157)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-03 06:38 – Updated: 2026-10-03 15:42
VLAI
Title
WP Ultimate Review <= 2.4.3 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via 'xs_reviw_summery' Parameter (Split-Shortcode / Late-Registered Shortcode)
Summary
The The WP Ultimate Review plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 2.4.3. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes. The nonce required to pass the only gate is emitted to unauthenticated visitors via the public review form, and submitted shortcode payloads are auto-published without admin approval by default, meaning exploitation requires no account and no privileged interaction.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-03 15:24 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
roxnor WP Ultimate Review Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.4.3 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.