Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-113

Allowed

Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete

The product receives data from an HTTP agent/component (e.g., web server, proxy, browser, etc.), but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes CR and LF characters before the data is included in outgoing HTTP headers.

206 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-39971 (GCVE-0-2026-39971)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-14 23:35 – Updated: 2026-04-15 16:22

Title

Serendipity: Host Header Injection leads to SMTP header injection via unvalidated HTTP_HOST

Summary

Serendipity is a PHP-powered weblog engine. In versions 2.6-beta2 and below, the email sending functionality in include/functions.inc.php inserts $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] directly into the Message-ID SMTP header without validation, and the existing sanitization function serendipity_isResponseClean() is not called on HTTP_HOST before embedding it. An attacker who can control the Host header during an email-triggering action such as comment notifications or subscription emails can inject arbitrary SMTP headers into outgoing emails. This enables identity spoofing, reply hijacking via manipulated Message-ID threading, and email reputation abuse through the attacker's domain being embedded in legitimate mail headers. This issue has been fixed in version 2.6.0.

Severity

7.2 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-04-15 16:20 UTC

CWE

CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/s9y/Serendipity/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/s9y/Serendipity/releases/tag/2.6.0	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
s9y	Serendipity	Affected: < 2.6.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-39915 (GCVE-0-2026-39915)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-24 14:14 – Updated: 2026-10-01 15:19

Title

TIM Flow < 26.0.6 CRLF Injection via rt Parameter

Summary

TIM Flow before 26.0.6 contains a CRLF injection vulnerability that allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and response body content by embedding unsanitized carriage return and line feed sequences in the rt URL parameter, which is reflected into Set-Cookie response headers. Attackers can craft malicious requests to induce authenticated users to execute arbitrary JavaScript in their browser context, enabling session token theft and account credential modification.

Severity

8.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

8.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-24 16:24 UTC

CWE

CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://tim-doc.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/eng/pag…	release-notes
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tim-flow-crl…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
TIM Solutions	TIM Flow	Affected: 0 , < 26.0.6 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:tim-solutions:tim_flow::::::::

Date Public

2026-08-12 00:00

Credits

William Visée

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-34767 (GCVE-0-2026-34767)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-03 23:43 – Updated: 2026-04-06 19:07

Title

Electron: HTTP Response Header Injection in custom protocol handlers and webRequest

Summary

Electron is a framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. Prior to versions 38.8.6, 39.8.3, 40.8.3, and 41.0.3, apps that register custom protocol handlers via protocol.handle() / protocol.registerSchemesAsPrivileged() or modify response headers via webRequest.onHeadersReceived may be vulnerable to HTTP response header injection if attacker-controlled input is reflected into a response header name or value. An attacker who can influence a header value may be able to inject additional response headers, affecting cookies, content security policy, or cross-origin access controls. Apps that do not reflect external input into response headers are not affected. This issue has been patched in versions 38.8.6, 39.8.3, 40.8.3, and 41.0.3.

Severity

5.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-04-06 19:07 UTC

CWE

CWE-74 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/electron/electron/security/adv…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
electron	electron	Affected: < 38.8.6 Affected: >= 39.0.0-alpha.1, < 39.8.3 Affected: >= 40.0.0-alpha.1, < 40.8.3 Affected: >= 41.0.0-alpha.1, < 41.0.3

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-34715 (GCVE-0-2026-34715)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-02 17:57 – Updated: 2026-04-03 16:00

Title

ewe Has Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers (HTTP Request/Response Splitting)

Summary

ewe is a Gleam web server. Prior to version 3.0.6, the encode_headers function in src/ewe/internal/encoder.gleam directly interpolates response header keys and values into raw HTTP bytes without validating or stripping CRLF (\r\n) sequences. An application that passes user-controlled data into response headers (e.g., setting a Location redirect header from a request parameter) allows an attacker to inject arbitrary HTTP response content, leading to response splitting, cache poisoning, and possible cross-site scripting. Notably, ewe does validate CRLF in incoming request headers via validate_field_value() in the HTTP/1.1 parser — but provides no equivalent protection for outgoing response headers in the encoder. This issue has been patched in version 3.0.6.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-04-03 16:00 UTC

CWE

CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/vshakitskiy/ewe/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/vshakitskiy/ewe/commit/ce4ff21…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/vshakitskiy/ewe/releases/tag/v3.0.6	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
vshakitskiy	ewe	Affected: < 3.0.6

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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          "value": "ewe is a Gleam web server. Prior to version 3.0.6, the encode_headers function in src/ewe/internal/encoder.gleam directly interpolates response header keys and values into raw HTTP bytes without validating or stripping CRLF (\\r\\n) sequences. An application that passes user-controlled data into response headers (e.g., setting a Location redirect header from a request parameter) allows an attacker to inject arbitrary HTTP response content, leading to response splitting, cache poisoning, and possible cross-site scripting. Notably, ewe does validate CRLF in incoming request headers via validate_field_value() in the HTTP/1.1 parser \u2014 but provides no equivalent protection for outgoing response headers in the encoder. This issue has been patched in version 3.0.6."
        }
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          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/vshakitskiy/ewe/security/advisories/GHSA-x2w3-23jr-hrpf"
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          "name": "https://github.com/vshakitskiy/ewe/commit/ce4ff214d32626a10fda9398dc94a2d720e17446",
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      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-x2w3-23jr-hrpf",
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      },
      "title": "ewe Has Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers (HTTP Request/Response Splitting)"
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CVE-2026-34520 (GCVE-0-2026-34520)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-01 20:27 – Updated: 2026-04-04 03:13

Title

AIOHTTP: C parser (llhttp) accepts null bytes and control characters in response header values - header injection / security bypass

Summary

AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, the C parser (the default for most installs) accepted null bytes and control characters in response headers. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.

Severity

2.7 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

9.1 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-04-04 03:13 UTC

CWE

CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/security/advi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/commit/9370b9…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/releases/tag/…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
aio-libs	aiohttp	Affected: < 3.13.4

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-34519 (GCVE-0-2026-34519)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-01 20:26 – Updated: 2026-04-02 15:40

Title

AIOHTTP: HTTP response splitting via \r in reason phrase

Summary

AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, an attacker who controls the reason parameter when creating a Response may be able to inject extra headers or similar exploits. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.

Severity

2.7 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-04-02 15:40 UTC

CWE

CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/security/advi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/commit/53b35a…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/releases/tag/…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
aio-libs	aiohttp	Affected: < 3.13.4

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
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            "other": {
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CVE-2026-34514 (GCVE-0-2026-34514)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-01 20:09 – Updated: 2026-04-02 14:07

Title

AIOHTTP: CRLF injection in multipart part content type header construction

Summary

AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, an attacker who controls the content_type parameter in aiohttp could use this to inject extra headers or similar exploits. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.

Severity

2.7 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-04-02 14:07 UTC

CWE

CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/security/advi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/commit/9a6ada…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/releases/tag/…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
aio-libs	aiohttp	Affected: < 3.13.4

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
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                "id": "CVE-2026-34514",
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CVE-2026-27810 (GCVE-0-2026-27810)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-27 19:44 – Updated: 2026-03-02 12:53

Title

calibre Vulnerable to HTTP Response Header Injection

Summary

calibre is a cross-platform e-book manager for viewing, converting, editing, and cataloging e-books. Prior to version 9.4.0, an HTTP Response Header Injection vulnerability in the calibre Content Server allows any authenticated user to inject arbitrary HTTP headers into server responses via an unsanitized `content_disposition` query parameter in the `/get/` and `/data-files/get/` endpoints. All users running the calibre Content Server with authentication enabled are affected. The vulnerability is exploitable by any authenticated user and can also be triggered by tricking an authenticated victim into clicking a crafted link. Version 9.4.0 contains a fix for the issue.

Severity

6.4 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-03-02 12:53 UTC

CWE

CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/kovidgoyal/calibre/security/ad…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
kovidgoyal	calibre	Affected: < 9.4.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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CVE-2026-24489 (GCVE-0-2026-24489)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-27 00:36 – Updated: 2026-01-27 14:46

Title

Gakido vulnerable to HTTP Header Injection (CRLF Injection)

Summary

Gakido is a Python HTTP client focused on browser impersonation and anti-bot evasion. A vulnerability was discovered in Gakido prior to version 0.1.1 that allowed HTTP header injection through CRLF (Carriage Return Line Feed) sequences in user-supplied header values and names. When making HTTP requests with user-controlled header values containing `\r\n` (CRLF), `\n` (LF), or `\x00` (null byte) characters, an attacker could inject arbitrary HTTP headers into the request. The fix in version 0.1.1 adds a `_sanitize_header()` function that strips `\r`, `\n`, and `\x00` characters from both header names and values before they are included in HTTP requests.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-01-27 14:46 UTC

CWE

CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/HappyHackingSpace/gakido/secur…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/HappyHackingSpace/gakido/commi…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/HappyHackingSpace/gakido/relea…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
HappyHackingSpace	gakido	Affected: < 0.1.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-24320 (GCVE-0-2026-24320)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-10 03:03 – Updated: 2026-02-10 16:25

Title

Memory Corruption vulnerability in SAP NetWeaver and ABAP Platform (Application Server ABAP)

Summary

Due to improper memory management in SAP NetWeaver and ABAP Platform (Application Server ABAP), an authenticated attacker could exploit logical errors in memory management by supplying specially crafted input containing unique characters, which are improperly converted. This may result in memory corruption and the potential leakage of memory content. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability would have a low impact on the confidentiality of the application, with no effect on its integrity or availability.

Severity

3.1 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-02-10 16:25 UTC

CWE

CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers

Assigner

sap mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://me.sap.com/notes/3678313
https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
SAP_SE	SAP NetWeaver and ABAP Platform (Application Server ABAP)	Affected: KRNL64NUC 7.22 Affected: 7.22EXT Affected: KRNL64UC 7.22 Affected: 7.53 Affected: 8.04 Affected: KERNEL 7.22 Affected: 7.54 Affected: 7.77 Affected: 7.89 Affected: 7.93 Affected: 9.16 Affected: 9.17 Affected: 9.18

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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Mitigation

Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Construct HTTP headers very carefully, avoiding the use of non-validated input data.

Mitigation MIT-5

Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. If an input does not strictly conform to specifications, reject it or transform it into something that conforms.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.

Mitigation MIT-30

Implementation

Strategy: Output Encoding

Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.

Mitigation MIT-20

Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.

CAPEC-105: HTTP Request Splitting

An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to split a single HTTP request into multiple unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).

See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.

CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies

This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.

CAPEC-34: HTTP Response Splitting

An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content, in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server) or into an already spoofed HTTP response from an adversary controlled domain/site.

See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.

CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting

This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.

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